Que : “ Mansabdari and Jagirdari system played an important role in the Mughal administrative system.”- Explain.

Land and military subjects are very important to establish effective administration in any state. Keeping this in mind, the Mughal rulers borrowed the Mansabdari and Jagirdari system from the countries of West Asia and modified it according to the Indian situation and implemented it.

•  Mansabdari System

•  The rank given to the Mansabdar is called Mansab.
•  ‘Mansab’ was given to both civil and military officers according to their service to the state.
•  Mansabdars were transferred reciprocally from the military to the civil and civil to the military departments.
•  Mansabdars were allowed to keep soldiers according to the rank they received.
•  Mansabdars came under the control of the emperor. Apart from this, during the war, the lower-ranking Mansabdar had to obey the higher-ranking Mansabdar.
•  The position of the Mansabdar was determined on the basis of caste rank.
•  The Mansabdari system was not traditional. After the death of the Mansabdar, all his property was confiscated.

• The Mansabdars were allowed to keep soldiers according to the rank they received.
•  The Mansabdars came under the control of the Emperor. Apart from this, during the war, the lower-ranking Mansabdar had to obey the higher-ranking Mansabdar.
•  The Mansabdar’s position was determined on the basis of caste rank.
•  The Mansabdari system was not traditional. After the death of the Mansabdar, all his property was confiscated.
• There was a system of giving the Mansabdar a salary in cash or giving him a jagir.

•  Jagirdari System
•  During the Mughal period, there were two types of land: Khalsa and Jagir

• Khalsa: The revenue of this land was deposited directly in the state treasury. (Land under the emperor)
• Jagir: Land given to the Jagirdars according to their status.

•  Mansabdars who received salary in cash were called Nakhdi.
•  This Jagir was transferable. Hence, no Jagirdar could retain any Jagir for a long time.
  
•  Types of Jagir:
•  Jagir Tankha – Jagir given in exchange for salary.

• Mashrat Jagir – A jagir granted to a person subject to certain conditions
•  Inam Jagir – A jagir granted without obligation of service
•  Watan Jagir – A jagir granted to a landlord in his own homeland

                 However, during the period of Aurangzeb, due to the increase in the number of mansabdars and the lack of sufficient land, the jagir system became disorganized. However, both these systems played an important role as a support in the Mughal administrative system.