QUE : Discuss the ethical implications of conflict of interest in public service and suggest measures to prevent and manage it.

ANSWER

1. Introduction

A conflict of interest (CoI) arises when a public servant’s personal interest interferes—or appears to interfere—with the impartial discharge of official duties. Recent procurement scandals in several ministries have highlighted how CoI erodes credibility of governance.

2. Body

• Erosion of public trust – When officials favour relatives or businesses in which they hold stakes, citizens perceive the system as biased, weakening democratic legitimacy.

• Compromised decision‑making – Personal gain can skew policy choices, leading to sub‑optimal allocation of resources and violation of the principle of *public interest*.

• Legal and constitutional breaches – CoI often contravenes Articles 14 & 21 of the Constitution and the Central Civil Services (Conduct) Rules, exposing the state to litigation.

Preventive & management measures

• Clear statutory guidelines – Adopt a comprehensive CoI policy under the Prevention of Corruption Act, detailing prohibited interests.

• Mandatory disclosure – Require annual declaration of assets, liabilities and outside engagements; make them publicly accessible.

• Recusal & delegation – Officials must step aside from matters where a real or perceived CoI exists; decisions should be delegated to an unbiased officer.

• Regular ethics training – Institutionalise workshops on CoI identification and mitigation for all tiers of bureaucracy.

• Robust monitoring body – Strengthen the Central Vigilance Commission with powers to audit disclosures and enforce penalties.

3. Conclusion

Embedding transparent CoI safeguards will reinforce accountability, restore citizen confidence and steer India towards a *Viksit Bharat* where public service remains untarnished by personal gain.